A Bilingual Introduction to the Philosophy of Ninomiya Sontoku
Discover the timeless Japanese values behind modern Japan’s spirit.
In 1912, Canadian missionary R.C. Armstrong published a remarkable book in the United States about a humble yet influential Japanese thinker: Ninomiya Sontoku.
Though born into poverty as a farmer, Sontoku’s teachings on ethics and diligence earned him national respect―and a place in Representative Men of Japan by Uchimura Kanzo, a renowned Japanese Christian thinker.
・ “Though a farmer, he possessed the true spirit of the samurai.” - R.C. Armstrong
・ “He surpasses many of the great sages of the East.”
・ “His philosophy perfectly aligns with the spirit of Christ.”
Now, this long-forgotten work is revived in a bilingual (Japanese-English) edition, restructured for today’s readers. It features key excerpts from Armstrong’s original 1912 text alongside clear modern commentary by renowned Japanese biographer Kita Yasutoshi.
Who Was Ninomiya Sontoku?
A self-taught moral philosopher from rural Japan, Sontoku taught values such as hard work, gratitude, social duty, and ethical leadership.
His ideas still echo in Japanese society today―in the precision of a train conductor, the humility of a shopkeeper, and the quiet sense of responsibility in everyday life.
A Unique Reading Experience
This book offers two distinct English voices:
・ Armstrong’s early 20th-century prose, rich in historical tone
・ Kita’s modern English commentary, providing clarity and insight
Rather than a full translation of the original, this edition presents a carefully selected collection of its most powerful and relevant parts.
Armstrong, with the help of Japanese Christians, based his study on authentic sources like the Hotoku-ki (a biographical account of Sontoku’s life) and Ninomiya O Yawa (a collection of stories and teachings attributed to him).
In his preface, Armstrong wrote:
“I have attempted to bring out, wherever possible, the common human side of Japanese character… and hope that what is here presented may at least help to give those who read it a broader sympathy for that wonderful people.”
Whether you're interested in Japanese culture, Eastern philosophy, or timeless moral teachings, this book offers a rare and rewarding perspective on the values that continue to shape Japan.